✦ The Global Methane Pledge, through which countries agreed to reduce methane emissions by thirty percent by 2030

✦ The 30x30 Initiative, through which nations work to protect thirty percent of land and thirty percent of the ocean by 2030

✦ The Leaders’ Pledge for Nature, through which 90+ Heads of State/governments expressed their ambitions to reduce biodiversity loss by 2030

✦ Various pledges made through the Paris Agreement

Voluntary initiatives made on behalf of the environment have failed to move the needle and must urgently be strengthened. These include: